Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) attempts to update ICD-10 (international classification diseases-10th version) according to the required information of the scientific community. In this study, changes of ICD-10 will be reviewed in Updating process.Methods: The data of the present descriptive study was extracted from the World Health Organization website. The data were interpreted based on descriptive statistics after classification of changes, type of instructions to make change, source of changes, and approved and implementation date of the changes.Results: Out of 1914 changes occurred in ICD-10 during 1995 and 2009, the greatest change happened in the third volume with 1249 cases (65.5%). Most of the major changes were in the first volume with 264 cases (50.1%) and most of the minor changes were in the second volume with 69 cases (49.6%). The majority of the instruction changes were adding an item to the system in every three volumes. Among the active groups for creating modification, mortality reference group (MRG) had the highest role in the first and second volumes with 107 (20.3%) and 116 cases (83.4%), respectively. Germany with 305 cases (24.4%) in the third volume had the highest role.Conclusion: Maintaining the fluidity of a classification system in the field of health is an enormous and necessary task. This fluidity has occurred in ICD-10 with making significant changes due to new discoveries in the field of medicine, diagnostic and therapeutic equipments and health information subsequently. In Iran, due to the governmental policy to create the Iranian electronic health records, the updated health classification is further needed.

How to profoundly change the beliefs of the polytheists during the age of revelation from the denial of the Prophet (pbuh) to the certainty of his Message and the acceptance of his full guardianship is a question worthy of attention. The order of verses about prophecy based on the order of revelation is the reason to lead a transformative process and a special Quranic method in institutionalizing the belief of prophecy in the lives of Arabs. In the first stage, the Holy Quran in the first Makkī (Arabic: المکّیّ, suras revealed in Mecca) chapters has prepared the community from the motivational side to accept the truth of the Prophet’s (pbuh) prophecy and briefly stating the key issues surrounding it. The Holy Book of Quran at the time of the emergence of oppositions and doubts (the second stage) destroyed the arguments of the polytheists and explained the prophecy and proved its authenticity from a cognitive perspective in the second stage by presenting clear arguments. and the Holy Book of Quran in the third stage after Madanī (Arabic: المدنیّ, suras revealed in Medina) period has undertaken measures in order to fulfill the goals of the Massage by explaining the true position of the Prophet (pbuh) to deepen and operationalize the Prophetic belief through explaining practical duties for the Prophet (pbuh) and behavior based on the acceptance of Walaya (Arabic: ولایة, meaning “guardianship” or “governance”).

The development of science and technology, the production of new words, the increase of scientific publications, the words entered by users into the information organization, and changes in the semantic relations between concepts and topics are a set of reasons for Updating thesauri. In this research, increase in the quantity of terms, editing of terms, and development of semantic relations between the terms of scientific and technical thesauri developed at Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc), has been done. The process of Updating and developing, including the stages of literature review and provision of resources, design or examination of the concept maps, the vocabulary translation, the identification of semantic relations, the unification, the control of relations and errors, the production of thesaurus outputs, editing, and publication. In the process of development and Updating, 90, 000 words were added to the previous set of terms, also semantic relations between terms developed and improved. Also in this project, the web service of the updated thesaurus was designed and implemented and is now accessible via IranDoc website. This site can be a good guide for users and indexers in organizing and retrieving information.

The rapid growth and development of urban environments has been created a lot of motivation for researchers in Geomatics engineering in order to provide optimal methods for monitoring urban changes and Updating maps. Nowadays, using aerial/satellite imagery for Updating old maps is one of the important topics in Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. In this case, the available information in the digital cartographic data can be used as training data for classification, creating conceptual model, reducing the search space and also to estimate the unknown parameters like segmentation parameters. Applying available information of cartographic data leads to contribution this type of information during the feature extraction in order to improve the efficiency and decrease the defects of this progress. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach for building extraction in order to building map Updating from aerial images with help of old digital cartographic data. In this study, the geometric information of polygons existing in old cartographic data is used as an auxiliary data to improve the process of building extraction and change detection based on active contour models in a hierarchical approach. The building extraction process is done in two step using two types of active contour models which runs upon the height and spectral data. The active contour models in the face with large dimensions, high level of details and also images with weak gradient information have not acceptable performance. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to present a novel approach to compensate the above mentioned defect. So, the building extraction process is done in a hierarchical approach based on a combination of two geometric active contour models which causes the elimination of the defects of these models in the extraction of buildings with different geometric and spectral behaviors. In the proposed method, each of the polygons are considered as an initial curve to a region-based geometric active contour model. This model is run upon a part of the DSM, commensurate with the position and dimension of the old polygon. After primary extraction of the building boundaries from the DSM, geometric change detection is done and then, the change map is produced. The change map gives a comprehensive intuition about the occurred changes. Due to various errors in DSM, the primary extracted boundaries did not have sufficient accuracy. So, to improve the accuracy of these boundaries, the results are introduced to a constrained edge-based geometric active contour model which is one of the innovations of this study. The common edge-based active contour models cannot recognize the object boundary in images with weak gradient information and so, the level set function evolution well be unstable and therefore will not be getting correct results. To solve this problem, a novel approach as constrained level set formulation is proposed. This constraint is derived from output of the region-based model and is caused to solve the deficiency of this model in the face with weak gradient images. After the extraction of the precise boundaries, the MBR-based approach as an approximation or generalization technique is applied for irregular generated boundaries of changed buildings which are obtained from the proposed constrained edge-based model. Finally, the generalized polygons are record in geodatabase. The dataset used in this study concern the part of vaihingen city of Germany. The shape accuracy of extracted buildings and overall accuracy of change detection process were 92% and 78%, respectively. These results clearly demonstrated the success of the proposed method in building extraction using active contour models and change detection in order to automatic building map Updating.

Background and Purpose: The project of establishing FARAJA ballistic protection equipment laboratory started a decade ago. The structure of this laboratory was predicted based on the requirements of National courthouse institute 010106. Because of misunderstandings in the contract's implementation, this laboratory has not yet been put into operation despite spending a lot of money. The research project of evaluating, Updating and upgrading the FARAJA Ballistics Laboratory was defined to check the current state of the laboratory, identify deficiencies and solve solutions. Method: With field visits, the condition of the laboratory was checked. By studying the existing standards, the requirements were adapted to the existing equipment, which will be the road map for establishing the laboratory under the title of qualitative and quantitative requirements assessment. Findings: Based on the defects found, it was determined according to the needs and existing structures. The standards were reviewed to determine their requirements. The evaluation of these hardware requirements was done to follow up the solutions to solve it. Conclusion: The hardware for the implementation infrastructure of the National courthouse institute 010106 standard has been specified. This clarification, qualitative and quantitative needs assessment and providing solutions to define executive projects to fix defects are considered.